Self esteem is belief in oneself and enables the individual to act decisively. Healy (2002) identifies two aspects of self esteem: self efficacy and self respect. Importantly, self esteem is respect for oneself and having the confidence to attempt new challenges (Swan 2010). In contrast, individuals who lack self esteem have negative perceptions about themselves and are unlikely to respond positively to difficult or changing circumstances. Black (2011) emphasises the link between low self esteem and low self confidence, where an individual lacking in self esteem believes that they are incapable of being successful. These individuals tend to generally have negative thoughts and use expressions such as "I'm hopeless" or "I can't do this." Thus those with self esteem believe that they can be effective and are therefore more likely to achieve.